Unit 1: Live and learn
Make or do
Use make when you talk about something you create.
Examples:
She made a cake for me.
They make the bed.
When we use do, when we talk about mental work, mostly referred to the topic work.
Examples:
I do an exercise.
I do a god job.
Present perfect + yet/ Already/ just
Use I've just when the action happens a short time ago.
Example:
She's just woken up.
I've just had dinner.
Use I've already when the action happen before you expected.
Example:
I have already finished my homework.
He's already eaten.
Use I haven't ... yet in negative sentences.
Example:
I haven't gotten my pencil case yet.
She hasn't done the exercise yet.
Present perfect progressive
The present progressive describes an action that began in the past, and continues in the present and may continues in the future.
Example:
I've been studying for 5 hours.
She's been jumping since 3 o'clock.
Unit 2: Then and now
Order of adjectives
Determiner + Opinion + Size + Height/Length + Shape/Weight + Color + Material
Example:
Her pretty big gray eyes.
A nice small heavy red cotton pillow.
Used to
Used to is an expression you use to talk about actions in the past but are not true in the present and you use didn't use to talk about actions that weren't true in the past, but probably true in the present.
Examples:
I used to read everyday.
I didn't use to watch TV.
So/Too Either/ Neither
We use this expressions when we are agreeing with the person.
Example:
I dislike the TV programs, -So do I/ I do too / Me too.
I can't go to the party, - Me neither/ Neither can I/ I can't either.
Unit 3: Buying Power
The vs no article
we use article:
Before nouns of which there is only one.
Example:
The moon is the satellite of the earth.
Before a noun which has become definite as a result of being mentioned a second.
Example:
He eat chocolate, the chocolate was mushy.
Before names of seas, chains of mountains, rivers, groups of islands, and plural names of countries.
No article
We don't use an article when we talk about plural nouns, when we are talking general.
Example:
Cats loves to eat whiskas.
Trees are green and tall.
Indirect questions
We use indirect questions to make more polite questions, and have an opening phrase.
Example:
Where can I buy an ice cream? Can you tell me where I can buy an ice cream.
Is the sugar free? Do you know if the sugar is free.
Unit 4: Talking care of business
Compound nouns
The first part tell us what kind of object or person it is, the second part identifies the object or person.
Examples:
water tank, policeman, rainfall.
Have/ Get something done
Describes situations where we want someone else do something.
have/ get + something + past participle.
Examples:
I can get/ have my bedroom cleaned.
You get/ have your homework done.
Have someone do something / get someone to do something
To talk about activities performed by a specific person.
Examples:
She get the plumber to repair the sink.
He had a maid cleaning the house.
Unit 5: Trough the grapevine
Reported speech
We use reported speech when we want to report a message of someone else, when we use the reported speech we change the tenses to past.
here ...... there
this...........that
these.........those
yesterday......the day before/ the previous day
next week .....the following week
Examples:
¨We will travel to New York the next week.¨
She said (that) they would travel to New York the following week
¨I love only this cake¨
He said (that) he loved only that cake.
Reporting questions
When we report questions, we change the order of the question to a normal sentence.
For yes/ no questions we use if or whether.
Examples:
Will you drive me home?
He asked me if I would drive him home.
Can you pay the half of the check?
He asked me whether I could pay the half of the check.
Information questions
Examples:
How much do you weigh?
He asked me how much I weigh.
How much money do you make?
He asked me how much money I made.
Unit 6: Decisions, decisions
Zero conditional
We use second conditional when we talk about things that always happens, like an universal truth
Examples:
When you heat water it boils.
If I play video games I am happy.
First conditional
It is a real possibility, and we use first conditional, when we are thinking a situation in the future.
Examples:
If I study, I will pass the exam.
If I work, I can go to the beach.
Second conditional.
It is a imaginary situation and it is no real.
Examples:
If I were rich, I would buy a mansion.
If I ate a cake, I could vomit.
Wish
We use wish to talk about unreal situations in the present.
Examples:
I wish I had a chocolate.
He wishes he were the president of Mexico.
Hope
We use hope to talk about possibles thing in the future.
Examples:
I hope (that) the rain stops.
She hopes (that) he can go to her party.
We hope (that) you will return to the school.
